Identification & Site Information

•Name: Napoleon

•Type: Wooden Schooner

•Year Built: 1833

•Length: Estimated between 20 to 30 meters (65 to 98 feet), based on typical schooners of the era

•Location: Lake Ontario, near Galloo Island, New York

•Depth: Approximately 55 meters (30 fathoms, 180 feet)

•Owner: Thomas S. Hall & Co. of Sacket’s Harbor

•Estimated Value: $4,000 (uninsured at the time of sinking)

Vessel Type Description

The Napoleon was a wooden Schooner, a versatile and efficient sailing vessel widely used during the 19th century on the Great Lakes. Its design, featuring two or more masts with Fore-and-Aft Sails, allowed it to handle substantial cargo while remaining agile and fast. The Napoleon was employed in the transportation of bulk goods such as lumber, coal, and construction materials. Its final cargo consisted of heavy stones, reflecting its capacity to carry weighty loads over the often unpredictable waters of Lake Ontario.

History

Construction and Service

Built in 1833 at Sacket’s Harbor, New York, the Napoleon quickly became an integral part of the bustling maritime trade on the Great Lakes. Owned by Thomas S. Hall & Co., the Schooner primarily operated between Detroit and Ohio ports, transporting goods essential for the burgeoning economy of lakeside communities. Its short but significant operational life showcased the importance of such vessels in supporting regional development during the early 19th century.

Final Voyage

In August 1835, the Napoleon was transporting a cargo of large stones for pier construction in Oswego, New York. Commanded by Captain R. Hollister, the vessel was navigating near Stony Island when a violent storm struck Lake Ontario.

As the storm intensified, a massive wave caused the heavy Deck cargo—16 stones, each weighing between 2 and 4 tons—to shift dangerously to one side, destabilizing the Schooner. Despite the crew’s efforts to jettison the stones and restore balance, the vessel could not withstand the strain and sank rapidly in 55 meters (30 fathoms) of water.

The crew’s lives were spared thanks to the timely intervention of the Steamboat Oswego, which rescued them and towed their lifeboat to safety near Stony Island.

Final Disposition

The Napoleon sank in Lake Ontario near Galloo Island, where it remains undisturbed at an estimated depth of 55 meters. Its final resting place has not been definitively located, and the lack of modern exploration leaves the wreck’s condition unknown. The vessel’s loss marked a tragic end to a promising career, highlighting the inherent risks of Great Lakes navigation during the 19th century.

Notices to Mariners (NOTMARs) & Advisories

There are no current Notices to Mariners (NOTMARs) specifically referencing the Napoleon wreck. However, the area around Galloo Island is known for challenging navigation conditions, and caution is advised for mariners and divers in the vicinity.

Located By & Date

The wreck of the Napoleon has not been definitively located. Its presumed location remains near Galloo Island, though it has not been a focus of modern archaeological or diving efforts.

Current Condition & Accessibility

Due to the Napoleon’s age and wooden construction, it is likely that any remains of the vessel are significantly degraded, scattered, or buried beneath sediment. The depth of the wreck—55 meters (180 feet)—places it beyond the reach of casual diving, requiring advanced equipment and expertise for exploration.

Resources & Links

•Great Lakes Ships Database: Provides historical insights and records of Great Lakes vessels, including the Napoleon.

•David Swayze Shipwreck File: A comprehensive resource for Great Lakes shipwrecks and their historical context.

•Maritime History of the Great Lakes: Archival records documenting shipbuilding and trade on the lakes.

Conclusion

The Napoleon represents the industrious spirit and risks of early maritime trade on the Great Lakes. Its loss in 1835 underscores the challenges faced by vessels navigating these waters, particularly during severe storms. Though its precise location remains elusive, the story of the Napoleon contributes to the rich maritime history of Lake Ontario and the surrounding region.

Keywords

Napoleon, wooden Schooner, Lake Ontario shipwreck, 1835 storm, Galloo Island, Great Lakes maritime history, 19th-century trade vessels, cargo transport, shipwreck rescue.