IDENTIFICATION & SITE INFORMATION

•Vessel Name: Geneva

•Official Number: US86005 (after sale to American interests in 1888)

•Type: Wooden-hulled Steamer

•Year Built: 1875

•Builder: Portsmouth, Ontario

•Construction: Wooden Hull, two decks

•Length: 93 feet (28.3 meters)

•Beam: 20 feet (6.1 meters)

•Depth: 5.4 feet (1.6 meters)

•Gross Tonnage: 96.74 tons

•Net Tonnage: 39.08 tons

•Engine: single-cylinder high-pressure horizontal engine, 50 horsepower

•Propulsion: Single propeller

•Manufacturer: George Chaffey & Bros. Iron Works, Portsmouth, Ontario

VESSEL TYPE DESCRIPTION

The Geneva was a wooden-hulled, two-Deck Steamer designed for passenger transport and later adapted for excursion trips. Its small size, coupled with its single-cylinder high-pressure engine, made it suitable for navigation in bays, rivers, and coastal waters of the Great Lakes. It primarily operated in passenger and excursion service throughout its career, adapting to the evolving demands of maritime commerce and leisure.

HISTORY

Early Years:

The Geneva was launched in 1875 and initially operated under the ownership of W. Nichols and associates in Kingston, Ontario. For much of its early career, the vessel served as a passenger Steamer on the Bay of Quinte, a region that was heavily trafficked during the late 19th century.

Ownership Changes:

Ownership of the Geneva transitioned several times:

•By 1880, the vessel was owned by Lewis Springer of Hamilton, Ontario.

•In 1884, it came under the ownership of John Turner in Toronto, Ontario.

•On May 10, 1888, the Geneva was sold to American interests and began operating out of Cape Vincent, New York.

•By 1890, Silas A. Service of Rochester, New York, owned the vessel, which was then repurposed for carrying excursionists around Lake Ontario.

Final Incident:

On September 23, 1891, the Geneva was docked at Beach Oswego in Oswego, New York, when a catastrophic fire broke out shortly after passengers had disembarked from an excursion. The fire, believed to have originated in the engine room or near the boiler, rapidly consumed the wooden superstructure. Despite efforts to contain the blaze, the lack of firefighting equipment allowed the flames to spread unchecked, ultimately destroying the vessel down to the waterline.

The burned remains of the Geneva eventually drifted ashore near Three Mile Creek. No lives were lost in the incident, as all passengers had safely disembarked before the fire. The Steamer was insured for $4,000 at the time of its loss, a fraction of its original construction cost of $12,000 to $15,000.

FINAL DISPOSITION

The Geneva was declared a Total Loss following the fire. Its wreckage, comprising the charred remains of its Hull, was washed ashore near Three Mile Creek, east of Oswego, New York.

NOTMARs & ADVISORIES

•There are no specific Notices to Mariners (NOTMARs) related to the Geneva.

•Wreckage, if any, is presumed to have deteriorated or been buried due to the shallow and dynamic nature of the site near the shore.

LOCATED BY & DATE

The remains of the Geneva were discovered shortly after the fire when they drifted ashore. The site has not been extensively explored or preserved.

CURRENT CONDITION & ACCESSIBILITY

Given the nature of the vessel’s destruction by fire and its subsequent grounding near the shore, it is unlikely that significant remains of the Geneva exist today. The shallow, dynamic environment near Three Mile Creek would have accelerated the decay and dispersal of any remaining wreckage.

RESOURCES & LINKS

•David Swayze Shipwreck File: Historical records on Lake Ontario shipwrecks.

•Maritime History of the Great Lakes: A repository of historical data on Great Lakes vessels.

•Oswego County Historical Society: Local resources for maritime incidents in Oswego, New York.

CONCLUSION

The Geneva was a significant vessel in the passenger and excursion trade of Lake Ontario during the late 19th century. Its destruction by fire highlights the vulnerabilities of wooden-hulled steamers and the challenges of fire safety during that era. The fortunate timing of the incident, occurring while docked, likely saved many lives. Today, the Geneva serves as a reminder of the transitional period in maritime history, when wooden vessels were gradually replaced by more durable steel-hulled ships.

KEYWORDS

Geneva, Lake Ontario shipwrecks, passenger Steamer, wooden steamers, Oswego, George Chaffey & Bros. Iron Works, Bay of Quinte, 19th-century maritime history.