HISTORY #
The Philadelphia played a significant role in the Battle of Valcour Island, a pivotal naval engagement on Lake Champlain during the American Revolutionary War. The battle took place on October 11, 1776, between a small fleet of American vessels under the command of Benedict Arnold and a larger British fleet. The Philadelphia was one of the many vessels that engaged in this fierce battle, which ultimately ended in an American retreat but delayed the British advance, giving the Continental Army time to prepare for future engagements.
During the battle, the Philadelphia sustained heavy damage from British cannon fire, including a critical hit from a 24-pound shot that tore through her hull just above the waterline. The shot was later identified as British ordnance, cast by John Fuller between 1740 and 1760. The Philadelphia, mortally wounded, sank with her colors still flying, becoming a symbol of American resilience.
The vessel remained on the lakebed for 160 years until she was raised in 1935. The wreck was remarkably well-preserved, offering a unique glimpse into 18th-century naval warfare. Artifacts found onboard, such as the bones of a crew member and personal items, highlight the human cost of the battle.
FINAL DISPOSITION #
The Philadelphia sank in Valcour Bay during the Battle of Valcour Island in October 1776. She was raised from the depths of Lake Champlain in 1935 and has since been displayed in various exhibitions.
LOCATED BY & DATE #
The Philadelphia was located and raised by Rupert Schalk and Capt. L. F. Hagglund in 1935.
NOTMARs & ADVISORIES #
The wreck site of the Philadelphia is now a protected area, recognized for its historical significance. No specific NOTMARs or advisories are currently issued for the site.
RESOURCES & LINKS #
- Maritime History of the Great Lakes
- Lake Champlain Maritime Museum
- Smithsonian National Museum of American History
CONCLUSION #
The Philadelphia stands as a testament to the challenges faced by early American naval forces during the Revolutionary War. Despite being outgunned and outmanned, the Continental fleet fought valiantly at Valcour Island, delaying the British and contributing to the eventual American victory in the war. The preservation and exhibition of the Philadelphia provide invaluable insights into the naval strategies, shipbuilding techniques, and the harsh realities of 18th-century warfare.
Keywords: Philadelphia, Lake Champlain, Battle of Valcour Island, American Revolutionary War, Benedict Arnold, naval history, shipwreck, 1776.
